私有财产权宪法保障模式之理论探析

The Theory of Constitutional Protective Pattern of the Private Property Rights

私有财产权是公民的一项基本人权。目前大部分国家宪法都将私有财产权保护条款规定在"公民的基本权利和义务"或类似章节中,作为基本人权予以保障。而我国宪法却将之规定在总纲部分,将私有财产权视为基本经济制度来保护,具有政策的宣示性,属于政策性保障模式。通过分析其原因、理论基础以及在现今面临的协调问题,可得出应将私有财产权回归宪法公民基本权利体系来保护的结论。

Private property rights are one of the fundemental human rights.Nowadays,most countries in the world have claimed protective clauses on private property rights in chapters of fundemantal rights and duties or others in their constitutions as a part of fundemental human rights protection.However,China's constitution has only stated the protection of private property rights as an insurance of the basic economic system in its general principles.This arrangment reveals a declarative character of policies,which suggests a policy indemnifactory pattern.This essay discusses this phenomenon,with an analysis of its causes,theory basics and the coordinating problem its facing now,and draws a conclusion that private property rights should be protected in constitution as a part of citizen rights system.