劳动者劳动合同单方解除权研究

The Research on Workers' Right to Unilaterally Terminate the Labor Contract

劳动者劳动合同单方解除权是一项重要的劳动者劳动权。在计划经济时代,劳动者的工作由国家一包到底,劳动者根本没有单方解除劳动合同的自由权利。劳动法对该权的规定是整个劳动法中最具有创造性和革命性的内容,它体现了自由择业的权利,是劳动者摆脱对雇主的依附关系,获得独立地位的保证,是劳动者人格独立和意志自由的法律体现。我国最新颁布的《中华人民共和国劳动合同法》再次明确赋予了劳动者劳动合同单方解除权。有必要针对保护缺陷提出相应的改善措施,探讨如何设置一些既能保障劳动者单方解除权,同时亦能维护用人单位相关利益的具体措施,寻求劳动者与用人单位之间的利益平衡点,最终实现劳动者与用人单位的双赢。

The unilateral right of termination owned by an employee of employment contract is an important item of the employee right.In the time of planned economy,every laborer's work is assigned and assessed by the authority,therefore the employee cannot possess the free right to terminate the contract unilaterally.The act of stipulating the right of termination by labor law is the most creative and revolutionary content in labor law,which embodies the right of free employment.Furthermore,the act not only guarantees that employees can break away from the adherence to the employer and acquire the independence,but demonstrates that employees achieve the independent personality and free volition.The latest 'LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS' issued definitely endows one employee of employment contract with the unilateral right of termination once more.The present limitation of protecting the unilateral right of termination is summarized on the basis of the systematic argumentation and the corresponding improvement measures are put forward in the article.This paper discussed how to take effective measures to maintain both rights of employee and employer.