护理人员胰岛素注射相关针刺伤与注射工具相关性

Analysis of the relationship between needlestick injuries due to insulin injections and injection devices among nurses

目的调查护理人员胰岛素注射相关针刺伤现状,分析针刺伤与注射工具之间的关系。方法采用方便抽样法,于2016-10-01-2016-11-30选取重庆市14家医院共计2 220名护士进行问卷调查,调查内容包括人口学资料,胰岛素注射相关针刺伤情况和胰岛素注射工具临床使用情况三个方面。结果 718名(32.3%)护士发生过胰岛素注射相关针刺伤,回套针帽是最容易发生针刺伤的环节。胰岛素注射相关针刺伤在过去1年中总计发生339次,63次(18.6%)由胰岛素专用注射器导致,276次(81.4%)由胰岛素笔导致。Logistic回归分析显示,科室胰岛素注射工具中胰岛素笔的使用构成比(OR=1.273,95%CI为1.089~1.488,P=0.002)和每周使用频次(OR=1.190,95%CI为1.072~1.321,P=0.001)是发生针刺伤的危险因素。结论护士胰岛素注射相关针刺伤发生率高,主要集中在注射后环节;胰岛素注射相关针刺伤发生主要与胰岛素笔的临床使用情况有关,规范使用胰岛素笔可以在一定程度上降低针刺伤的发生,促进护士职业安全。

OBJECTIVE To reveal the prevalence of needlestick injuries（NSIs）due to insulin injections among nurses,and to analyze the relationship between NSIs and injection devices.METHODS A total of 2 220 nurses from 14 hospitals in Chongqing were selected via convenience sampling from October 1 to November 30 in 2016.A questionnaire which obtained demographic data,prevalence of NSIs due to insulin injections and frequency of clinical use of injection devices was used to investigate the nurses.RESULTS Of the participants,718 nurses（32.3%）had NSIs related to insulin injections.Recapping the needle was one of the most dangerous practice.In the past year,NSIs due to insulin injections occurred 339 times,among which 63 times（18.6%）and 276 times（81.4%）caused by insulin syringes and pens,respectively.Logistical regression analysis showed that the constituent ratio of insulin pens in each department（OR=1.273,95%CI：1.089-1.488,P=0.002）and use frequency per week of insulin pens（OR=1.190,95%CI：1.072-1.321,P=0.001）were independent factors affecting the NSIs.CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of NSIs due to insulin injections were high among nurses in Chongqing,and NSIs mainly occurred after injecting.Using insulin pens normatively can reduce the prevalence of NSIs to some extent and make insulin injections safer among nurses.