天津法租界的扩张及老西开事件(1861—1917)——以法国外交部档案为基础史料的考察

Expansion of French Concession in Tianjin and Laoxikai Incident: A Study Based on Archives of French Ministry of Foreign Affairs

天津法租界在1861至1917年间进行过两次非法的扩张活动。第一次扩张发生在清末,在地方官员的妥协下获得了成功;第二次扩张发生在民初,因天津人民的极力反抗而遭受了失败,这便是历史上著名的"老西开事件"。本文通过对法国外交部南特外交档案中心所藏档案资料的搜集整理,对这一段历史进行了复原。对比两次租界扩张的成功与失败,可以看到民众在维护国家主权问题上的重要作用。

The French Concession in Tianjin attempted twice to expand illegally from 1861 down to 1917.The first attempt was successful due to the local officials'concession and the second failed because the local residents'fierce resistance.The entirety of expansion and resistance was historically known as Laoxikai Incident.Having their research based on archives of French Foreign Ministry(Nantes),the present paper tries to reconstruct the concerned history and by doing so sheds light on the roles non/governmental elements played in the effort to defend sovereignty.