巽亥合秀:明清淮安风水、水患与城市水利的文化功能

Cultural Roles Geomancy,Flood and Water Conservancy Played in Huai'an in Ming and Qing

淮安府位于黄、淮、运河交汇地区,这种地理环境影响了城市水系的形成与演变。明代淮安府城的水利,主要围绕市河与巽关水展开,清代文渠空间呈扩展趋势,形成与巽关水共同主导的城市水系结构。通过城市文化建筑与水利设施等的修造,巽亥合秀的风水观念逐渐定型并成为民生稳定和文风昌盛的象征。不过受黄淮水患的影响,泥沙淤积、渠道堵塞现象严重,城市水利各项功能难以正常运转,尤其是淮安士绅认为地方风水遭到破坏,以此名义积极倡议漕运总督等政府官员开展城市水利设施修复与渠道挑浚,文渠的城市文化功能随之逐渐强化。

Huai'an was at the intersection of three huge rivers.This geographical feature influenced the birth and growth of this city's water system,which was centered on Shi River and Xunguan River.Later Wen Canal built in Qing was added into this system.Xunhai hexiu,a geomantic pattern denoting auspiciousness,was thus created and regarded as the symbol of this city's social stability and cultural prosperity.When waster conservancy projects malfunctioned because of floods,the local gentry would invoke the geomantic power to urge officials to rehabilitate the existing water system.