辽代避讳问题研究

A Study of Issue of Avoiding Taboo in the Liao Dynasty

避讳是中国古代社会特有的现象,然而,关于辽朝初期是否存在避讳制度,学界仍存在较大分歧。本文根据历史文献,结合近年来新发现的石刻资料,对辽代避讳制度建立的时间、避讳的原则与方法及研究的价值等问题进行了较为深入的研究,不但揭示出辽太祖、世宗、穆宗、景宗及义宗、章肃皇帝的汉名均是辽圣宗在澶渊之盟后追加,而且发现由于国书、使节、牒檄往来,皇太后、皇后也一度起过汉名。出使宋朝方面的契丹官员,也多临时起过汉名,导致《辽史》在记录出使经过时经常与《续资治通鉴长编》中所载契丹官员名字产生冲突。通过对辽代避讳制度的研究可以复史之旧,订史之误,补史之阙,有助于解决辽史研究中的重要问题。

Through the study of avoiding taboo,a serious of major issues in the research of Liao history can be solved. The Chinese name of the following emperors of Liao Dynasty including Taizu（ 太祖）,Shizong（ 世宗）,Muzong（ 穆宗）,Jingzong（ 景宗）,Yizong（ 义宗） and Zhangsu（ 章肃） were all added after Chanyuan Alliance（ 澶渊之盟）. Some queens and queen mothers once had Chinese name in diplomatic credentials and writs. Khitan officials served as envoy to Song Dynasty also usually had temporary Chinese name,which led to the confusion regarding the names of those envoys,since there are different name records for some same people in History of Liao and the Extended Edition of History As A Mirror（ 《续资治通鉴长编》）.Therefore the authors explores the issue of avoiding taboo of emperor and empress in Liao Dynasty according to the historical literatures and the stone words in order to correct errors and supplement the deficiencies in Liao history study.