论《土著土地权(北领地区)法》的颁布

A Discussion on Issuing of the Aboriginal Land Rights( Northern Territory) Act

英国的殖民入侵产生了澳洲的"土著问题",其中土地所有权是"土著问题"的焦点之一。作为澳洲大陆土地的最初所有者,土著为争取土地所有权进行了持续的斗争,并在20世纪六七十年代达到高潮。1976年的《土著土地权(北领地区)法》就是在这种背景下问世的。由于该法是澳大利亚联邦政府颁布的第一部土著土地权法,所以,它对北领地区的土著争取土地权以及其他相关权利都产生了积极影响,对其他州或地区的土著土地权运动亦起到了示范或引领作用。然而,受制于历史与现实等复杂因素,这部法律的限制性或禁止性条款对土著权益是一种损害。

British colonial invasion into Australia resulted in ＂Aboriginal Problem＂,the native title was thus becoming one of focusing points of it. As a primitive owner of land in Australia,aboriginal people were continously fighting for the land right,reaching a peak during the 1960＇s and 70＇s. The Aboriginal Land Rights（ Northern Territory） Act in 1976 was produced as against the above backgrounds. Because it was the first law concerning the native title issued by the government of the Commonwealth,it exerted a positive effect on aboriginals in Northern Territory to struggle for the land right and other relevant rights,and set an example or act as a guide to aboriginal movement to land rights in other states or regions. However,being restricted by complex elements from historical and realistic perspectives,this law,with some restrictive or prohibitive items,would posed a kind of damage to aboriginal＇s right and interests.