监护二元属性新论

An Analysis on the Nature of Custody

现有监护属性学说多立足于语义分析学,故片面性彰显无遗。准确定位监护属性,应以相对稳定之法律关系为依托,透过具体制度构成予以全面考察,厘清类型差异视野下监护所具有之不同特质。整体层面考究,于内部法律关系,监护系监护人对被监护人应履行之义务;于外部法律关系,监护则系监护人对抗被监护人以外其他一切第三人之绝对权。我国《民法通则》第18条之立法设计堪称允当,与监护基于内外法律关系划分之二元属性定位亦相契合。

The existing theories about the nature of custody are more based on the semantic analysis, so the one-sidedness is ap- parent. The accurate position of custody nature should be based on the relatively stable legal relations and be through the specific systems. In the same time, we should clarify the different characteristics in the view of different custody types. Overall, in the internal legal relations, custody is the obligation for the person under guardianship. From the external legal relations, custody is the real right against the third party. There fore Article 18th of The General Principles of Chinese Civil Law is basically proper. And it coincides with the nature of custody based on the internal and external legal relations.