基于主成分分析法的寒地住区建成环境对老年人情绪健康影响的研究

THE EFFECTS OF THE NEIGHBORHOOD-BUILT ENVIRONMENT ON EMOTIONAL HEALTH OF THE ELDERLY IN SEVERE COLD REGIONS ON THE BASIS OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS

良好的住区建成环境质量对人群的情绪具有重要影响,尤其寒冷地区的住区建成环境对老年人的情绪健康影响更为突出。本文选取了寒地城市的典型住区进行实地调研和问卷调查,运用主成分分析法统计筛选出对老年人情绪健康影响较大的建成环境因子:绿视率、天空开阔度、人口密度、街道高宽比和公交站点密度,并明确不同因子的权重比。研究发现,控制绿视率和天空开阔度是改善寒地住区老年人情绪健康最重要的优化方向,人口密度、街道高宽比和公交站点密度的调整是优化策略的重要补充,可以为寒地住区建成环境的进一步优化研究提供基础数据支撑。

A good quality of neighborhood-built environment has a significant impact on people＇s emotions. In particular, the neighborhood-built environment in severe cold regions has a more prominent effect on the emotional health of the elderly. In this paper, field surveys and questionnaires are applied in the researches on the typical neighborhood in severe cold regions. With the principal component analysis, some built environmental factors that have a greater impact on the emotional health of the elderly will be selected, including the visible green index, sky view scale, population density, street height-width ratios and density of public transport stations. Meanwhile, the weight of these factors will be discussed. The results present that the control of visible green index and sky view scale are the most important methods optimization-oriented for improving the emotional health of the elderly in neighborhood in severe cold regions. The adjustment of population density, street height-width ratio and density of public transport stations are important complements to such optimization strategies, which is expected to provide basic data as support on the further optimization of neighborhood-built environment in severe cold regions.