贵州乌江流域人口空间分布特征研究

Research on the Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Population in Wujiang River Basin of Guizhou Province

选取2015年贵州乌江流域人口数据,通过人口数量、密度、接近度、广狭度等视角,采用空间自相关、空间趋势分析等方法,探究流域人口空间分布特征.得出以下结论:(1)贵州乌江流域西南部人口较多,东北部人口接近度和广狭度较大,市辖区人口密度较大;(2)贵州乌江流域人口数量与密度空间集聚不明显(全局莫兰指数不足0. 300),人口接近度与广狭度集聚稍高(全局莫兰指数0. 400-0. 600);(3)贵州乌江流域人口空间趋势中,人口数量西南向东北降低,人口密度从中部向东北和西南降低,人口接近度和广狭度从东北向西南降低;(4)贵州乌江流域人口地理中心出现偏移,人口数量与密度地理中心西南偏移,人口接近度和广狭度地理中心向东偏移,人口密度地理中心偏移大;(5)贵州乌江流域人口高密度集中分布区主要在中部,人口高广狭度集中区面积最大,偏向东北部.为此,应采取3条对策措施:一是提高经济集聚性,吸引人口空间集聚.二是因人制宜,优化经济与生态发展方式.三是积极人口调控,促进人口再分布.

The research selected the population data of the Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province in 2015. Through the perspectives of population, density, proximity, and wideness, spatial autocorrelation and spatial trend analysis are used to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of the basin population. Con- clusion ： （ 1 ） There are many people in the southwestern part of the Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province. The northeast population has a large proximity and wideness, and the population density of the city area is relatively large; （2） The population and density spatial agglomeration of the Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province is not obvious （ the global Moran index is less than 0. 300）. The population proximity and wide narrowness agglomeration are slightly higher （ global Moran index 0. 400 - 0. 600） ; （ 3 ） During the population space distribution of the Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province, the population is decreasing from the southwest to the northeast, the population density is decreasing from the central to the northeast and the southwest, and the population proximity and wideness are decreasing from the northeast to the southwest; （4） The geographical center of population of the Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province has shifted, the geographic center of population and density is offset from the southwest, the geographic center of population proximity and wideness is offset to the east, and the geographical density of population density is large. （5） The high - density concentrated distribution area of the Wujiang River Basin in Guizhou Province is mainly in the central part, and the population wideness has the largest area and is biased to the northeast. To this end, three counter-measures should be taken：first, Improve economic agglomeration and attract population spatial agglomeration. Second, Optimize the economic and ecological development mode according to people＇s conditions, third, Active population regulation and control to promote population redistribution.