论周必大的文学思想

Zhou Bida's Literary Thoughts

周必大的文学思想颇具卓识,强调文学的政教功能和道德涵养,提出了"气全理正"的理气说,很大程度上代表了南宋中兴时期官方的文学理念;在创作主体个性问题上,强调"气"与"学",反映了宋代博学的文学风尚。周必大重视诗文之辨,对笔记、小说、词等文体则流露轻视之意,体现出正统而保守的文体观念。周必大的文学思想对南宋文坛的健康发展有一定的促进之功,对后世主流文论也颇具启发意义。

The literary thoughts of Zhou Bida emphasize the political and educational function and moral cultivation of literature. Zhou Bida put forward the theory of Li （reason） and Qi （spirit） that largely represents the official literary idea during the reviving period of the Southern Song Dynasty. Meanwhile, he stresses Qi （spirit） and Xue （knowledge） of creation subject, reflecting the learned literary ethos in the Southern Song Dynasty. He pays more attention to poems than to notes, novels and Ci （verse） . This view of style is a little conservative. In a word, his literary thoughts pushed the literary circles of the Southern Song Dynasty into a way of sound development and had a certain significance for the literary theory in later generations.