慕课本质与中国实践取向分析

Essence of MOOC and its Practice Orientation in China

慕课热潮中,更多的研究在于技术细节的修补,缺乏对其本质问题的追问,从而深层分析慕课存在的形态意义。认识慕课的本质是发展慕课的前提,教育技术的变革更需要教育理念的更新,否则导致教育资源与成本的浪费。慕课是现代资本、教育技术与教育扩张需求相结合的产物,具有较强复杂的综合性与特殊性。借助媒体与资本力量,慕课效应得以放大,也影响着教育管理者的判断。当前将慕课称为"课程",实为泛化意义的名称,限于慕课本身的缺陷,其目前尚未实现教育学概念上的课程本质,属于课程资源,是现代课程的有益补充与提高。在慕课课程化的过程中,需要不断增加课程的交互性、体验性、情景性等特征。中国慕课建设需要清晰定位,优化管理与创新,增强生活性、课程内容独特性等,尊重效率与公平的最大化统一,从而实现与现实环境、教育文化的融合。

In terms of hot topic of MOOC,research focuses on repairing the technical details while studies on essential problems of the morphological meanings of MOOC are not sufficient. Understanding the nature of MOOC is the precondition for the development of MOOC technology. The reform of educational technology needs to renew educational ideas. Otherwise,it may lead to the waste of educational resources. MOOC,a product of modern capital,teaching technology,and educational expansion,has complex comprehensiveness and particularity.Depending on media and capital strength,MOOC effect can be magnified and affects educators＇ management. At present,MOOC is called ＂course＂,a result of generalization of meaning. Due to the defects,MOOC has not achieved curriculum essence in the concept of education and teaching. It belongs to the curriculum resources and offers beneficial supplement to modern curriculum. The process of putting MOOC into curriculum requires characteristics such as interactivity, experience, and situation. MOOC construction in China needs clear positioning,optimization of management and innovation,enhancement of life quality and uniqueness in curriculum content,as well as respect for maximal unity of efficiency and fairness so as to integrate real environment and educational culture.