殖民时期越南构建民族独立国家的理论探索与实践

The Theoretical Exploration and Practice of Vietnam's Construction of Nationstate During the Colonial Period

自法国殖民统治越南以来,越南各阶层就如何构建民族独立国家,进行了诸多探索。封建思想的束缚、法国殖民统治在越南内部造成的分裂、领导者的个人素质、城市和农村的二元社会机构、薄弱的经济基础、武器装备及通讯技术的落后等因素,都严重制约了越南民族独立国家的构建。在争取民族独立的探索和斗争中,越南资产阶级始终没能完全掌握革命领导权。但无论哪个阶层,在这一过程中,其理论和实践探索均深受中国革命影响。只有以印度支那共产党为代表的无产阶级领导革命,建立广泛的民族统一战线,才能引领越南最终走向独立。而积极寻求但不过分依赖国际援助,争取国际团结和他国的支持,也是越南构建民族独立国家的一大法宝。

Since the French colonial rule,Vietnam's various classes had carried out a lot of exploration on how to build a nation-state.The shackles of feudal ideology,Vietnam's division caused by the French colonial rule,the personal qualities of the leaders,the dualistic society structure of the city and the countryside,the weak economic base,the backwardness of weapons and the communication technology,all of these have seriously restricted Vietnam's construction of an independent nation-state.In the exploration and struggle for national independence,the Vietnamese bourgeoisie had not been able to fully grasp the revolutionary leadership.But no matter which class,in the process of exploring the construction of a nation-state,its theory building and practice exploration have also been affected by the Chinese revolution.Only the proletarian revolution,which had been led by the Communist Party of Indochina,established a broadly national united front and finally led Vietnam to the eventual independence.Actively seeking but not overly dependent on international aid,and striving for international solidarity and support,Vietnam have made full use of these to construct a nation-state.