基于有限元法的脱接器弹簧爪片数优选

The optimal release assembly of the spring claw number based on finite-element method

为避免脱接器弹簧爪在外力作用下因局部出现应力集中而发生破坏,基于有限元数值模拟方法进行了爪片数的优化。首先通过分析爪片在轴向载荷作用下的应力分布,得出满足弹簧爪轴向抗拉强度的有效爪片数;其次研究不同爪片数对弹簧爪对接时的失效影响,确定出最佳爪片数取值范围;再次结合实际加工,考虑奇数优先等原则,求解出最优爪片数为9,并基于此设计出优化的弹簧爪爪片根部结构;最后通过数值模拟,证明优化数据合理,应力及位移变化均满足工作要求,可以降低使用过程中的爪片折断率。

Based on finite-element analytical method,it optimizes the release assembly of spring claw number,avoids the failure risk of the spring claw under the action of the external force local stress concentration. Based on the stress distribution of the claw under axial load as its working condition,it obtains the number of effective spring claw,analyzes the effect of the number of different claw pieces on the failure of the spring claw,and determines the optimum claw number range. Based on the optimum result and the odd first principle and the production convenience,it designs a new kind of root structure of the claw. It shows that the optimum number and its structure can meet the requirements of stress and displacement,reduce the broken rate of claw and enhance the strengthening effect.