中国古代核心城市变迁与雄安新区

Transitions of Core Cities in Ancient China and Xiong'an New District

长安与洛阳在中国古代文明史上具有重要地位,曾是中国城市发展史上最早期城市群的核心,构成从西北向东南的双子星格局,并在千余年时间一直作为国土开发的超级城市轴线引领我国古代城市发展。传统生产方式与人口增长造成的大规模生态破坏,致使传统的关中平原与中原地带比较生产率不断下降,最终长安与洛阳双双退出了全国性核心城市行列,辉煌的长安-洛阳城市轴线的首要地位也随之丧失,取而代之的是京杭、京沪的南北轴线。回顾长安-洛阳古代城市轴线衰落的历史,有助于分析目前京津冀城市化面临的问题,也助于理解以雄安建设为标志的京津冀地区协同发展的重大战略意义。

Forming the twin-city pattern of Chang'an-Luoyang urban axis from northwest to southeast, Chang'an and Luoyang played key roles in China's history. The large-scale ecological destruction caused by the traditional mode of production and population growth led to the continuous decline of the comparative productivity in Guanzhong Central Plains where the twins were located. Eventually, Chang'an and Luoyang both lost the top ranks of the national core cities. Reviewing the history is helpful to analyze the problems faced by Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and to understand the strategic significance of the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region marked by the construction of Xiong'an.