现代变局与何以为儒

The Modern Transition and the Criterion of Confucianism

大陆新儒家以判教姿态,针对儒家研究者提出了"谁堪称儒家"的判断标准。但大陆新儒家对判教的"现代"设准不确。儒家判教,应基于本末原则,拒斥内外区隔;立于现代基准,拒绝反对"现代"。否则儒家就与"现代"南辕北辙。真正体现"现代"特质的儒家,一定是基于现代事实认知的儒家:不仅需要与时俱进,而且需要平权精神。在儒家的"现代"建构中,忠孝的传统贯通机制必须终结,一方面将"忠"作为政治伦理处置,另一方面将"孝"作为社会伦理对待。并保持儒家居于道德高位且驯化权力的政治站位,成为推动中国政治现代转变的精神动力。只要儒家仍然愿意因应于现代变迁而建构"现代"儒学,那么儒学就必须克治自己的反现代冲动,顺应现代转变并尝试引导现代健康发展。

Thinking itself as a judgmental Confucianism,the New Confucianism in China's Mainland put forward the criterion of judging who can be called Confucianism,which,however,is inaccurate.The judgment of Confucianism should be based on the principle of the ins and outs,and reject the division between the internal and the external.It should be based on modern benchmarks and refuse to oppose the"modern".Otherwise,Confucianism totally contradicts to the"modern".Confucianism that truly embodies"modern"characteristics,must be based on the cognition of modern facts:it needs not only to keep pace with the times,but also the spirit of equal rights.In the"modern"construction of Confucianism,the traditional through mechanism of loyalty and filial piety must be ended.On the one hand,loyalty should be treated as political ethics.On the other hand,filial piety should be treated as social ethics.At the meantime,the political position of Confucianism,which is high in morality and capable of taming the power,should be maintained.Thus,Confucianism would have become the spiritual motivation of the modern transformation of Chinese politics.As long as it is still willing to construct"modern"Confucianism in response to modern changes,Confucianism must control its own anti-modern impulse,conform to modern changes and try to lead"the modern"a healthy development way.