共享单车押金问题研究

Study on the Deposit Issues of the Shared Bicycles

互联网式共享单车的出现改变了人们的出行方式,方便了人们的生活,但是在共享单车运营过程中也出现了安全、交通,恶意竞争等问题。其中又以共享单车的押金问题最为显著,严重损害了消费者们的合法权益,突出表现为在现实条件下,共享单车押金相较传统押金发生了三个偏离:返还时间的偏离;资金占用孳息的偏离;资金占用的定性偏离。造成这一问题的重要原因在于规制缺失。基于此,文章提出:制定全国统一监管细则;将单车引入城市公共交通系统;对押金设置第三方托管,指定监管部门监督;适当放宽对利息的监管,允许企业利用押金进行低风险投资;提高信息透明度,建立统一监管网站;提高企业责任感,加强政府扶持力度等对策建议。以期加强对共享单车押金的监管,推动共享单车更加有序的发展。

The emergence of Internet-based shared bicycles has changed people＇s travel modes and life. However, in the process of shared bicycle operation, the problems of safety, traffic, and malicious competition have also appeared. Among them, the problem of shared bicycles deposit is the most significant, which damages the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. The outstanding performance is that under the actual conditions, the shared bicycle deposit has three deviations from the traditional deposit： the deviation of the return time; the deviation of the capital occupation suffocation; the qualitative deviation of the capital occupation. An important reason for this problem is the lack of regulation. Based on this, the paper proposes to formulate national unified supervision rules, introduce bicycles into urban public transportation system, set up third-party custody of deposits, supervise supervision departments, relax the supervision of interest, allow enterprises to use deposits for low-risk investment, improve information transparency, establish a unified regulatory website, enhance the enterprises＇ responsibility, strengthen government support and other countermeasures. It is expected to strengthen the supervision of shared bicycle deposits and promote the more orderly development of shared bicycles.