多义词「走る」的例句探析

Analysis of Example Sentences of Polysemy「走る」

在认知语言学中,语义是人对外部客观世界的感知、认知。「走る」在多部辞书中出现了基本义和多个拓展义。从它的基本义"跑"开始,在日常生活和历史变迁中,逐渐延伸出较多的拓展义。从四部辞书的例句出发,归纳整理使用频率较高的拓展义以及例文例句。参考先行研究,提出「走る」的多义性中作为"中立"、"消极倾向"以及未被词典收录的拓展义。

According to cognitive linguistics, semantics is the perception and cognition of human beings to the external objective world. 「走る」has a basic meaning and multiple extensions in many dictionaries, from its basic meaning of ＂running＂ to other extended meanings developed in the daily life and historical changes. Based on the example sentences of four dictionaries, the extended meanings and example sentences with higher frequency are summarized and organized. Referring to the prior research, the paper concludes 「走る」also means ＂neutral＂, ＂negative tendency＂ and other extended meaning that are not included in the dictionary.