半定量风险评估法在光膜制造企业化学毒物评价中的应用

Application of seni-quantitative risk assessment in evaluation of occupational chemical hazards in optical film manufacturers

目的通过对光膜制造企业化学毒物的风险评估,提出相应的控制措施。方法应用新加坡化学物质职业暴露半定量风险分析方法,对浙江省2家光膜制造企业的化学毒物职业危害进行风险评估。结果 2家光膜制造企业涂布岗位、配液岗位存在的化学毒物主要有苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、丁酮、环己酮,除企业B配液岗位乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯浓度超标外,其他各个岗位接触的职业病危害因素的时间加权平均浓度(CTWA)均符合国家职业卫生限值的要求。风险评估结果显示,企业A涂布岗位接触乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯的风险等级为1级(可忽略风险),接触环己酮的风险等级为2级(低风险);配液岗位接触乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、环己酮的风险等级均为2级(低风险)。企业B涂布岗位接触乙酸丁酯的风险等级为1级(可忽略风险),接触苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸乙酯、丁酮的风险等级为2级(低风险);配液岗位接触苯、乙酸乙酯的风险等级为3级(中等风险),接触苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙酸丁酯、丁酮的风险等级为2级(低风险)。结论该风险评估方法操作简单,实用性强,可以为企业的职业病危害风险控制提供参考。

[Objective] To put forward control measures by the risk assessment of occupational chemical hazards in optical film manufacturers. [Methods] Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment was used to assess occupational chemical hazards in two optical film manufacturers of Zhejiang Province.[ Results ] The main occupational hazard factors that may exist in coating post and dispensing post of two optical film manufacturers were benzene, toluene, dimethylbenzene, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, cyclohexanone and methylethyl ketone. Except the concentration of ethyl acetate and butyl acetate at dispensing post of plant B exceeded occupational exposure limits, the time weighted average concentration （C^vA） of other occupational hazards met the requirements of occupatianal exposure limit. The risk assessment results showed that the exposure of ethyl acetate and butyl acetate at coating post in plant A was grade-1 risk （negligible risk）, exposure of cyclohexanone was grade-2 risk （low risk）, while the exposure of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and cyclohexanone at dispensing post was grade-2 risk （low risk）. In plant B, the exposure of butyl acetate at coating post was grade-1 risk （negligible risk）, exposure of benzene, toluene, dimethylbenzene, ethyl acetate and cyclohexanone was grade-2 risk （low risk）, the exposure of benzene and ethyl acetate at dispensing post was grade-3 risk （medium risk）, and the exposure of benzene, toluene, dimethylbenzene,butyl acetate and cyclohexanone was grade-2 risk （low risk）.[ Conclusion] The risk assessment method is simple and practical, and can provide reference for occupational hazards control in enterprises.