2016—2017年柳州市市售大米镉污染状况及其健康风险评估

Cadmium contamination and health risk assessment of commercially available rice in Liuzhou City from 2016-2017

目的了解2016—2017年柳州市市售大米镉含量水平,评估市售大米的镉暴露带来的健康风险。方法 2016—2017年采集柳州市区及6县流通领域销售的大米样品154份,进行镉含量检测,并对检测结果进行数据处理和统计分析,使用健康风险评估模型对大米中镉含量进行健康风险评估。结果 154份大米中镉含量的平均值为0.101 mg/kg,中位数为0.085 mg/kg,其中14份大米镉含量超标,超标率为9.09%,不同区县市售大米的超标率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。柳州市大米镉平均每日摄入量为36.46μg/(kg·d),低于允许值72μg/(kg·d),经大米摄入镉的健康风险目标风险系数(THQ)均小于1,大米中镉对人体的暴露值处于安全范围。结论 2016—2017年柳州市居民来源于大米的镉摄入水平处于安全范围,对健康的潜在风险较低。

[ Objective ] To understand the level of cadmium（ Cd ） in commercially available rice in Liuzhou City from 2016-2017, evaluate the health risks of exposure to Cd of commercially available rice. [ Methods ] From 2016-2017, 154 rice samples were collected from the markets of urban area and six counties in Liuzhou City. Cd concentration was tested, and the results were processed and statistically analyzed. [Results] The average concentration of Cd in 154 rice samples was 0.101 mg/kg with the median of 0.085 mg/kg. Cd concentration in 14 samples exceeded the allowable limit, and the exceeding standard rate was 9.09%. The difference in the exceeding standard rate was statistically significant among different districts and counties （P〈0.05）. Daily intake of via rice was 36.46 μg/（kg·d）, which was less than the allowable values of 72 μg/（kg·d）. The target hazard quotients （THQ） of Cd via rice was less than 1, indicating the Cd exposure via rice was in a safe range. [Conclusion] The intake level of cadmium from rice among residents is in a safe range in Liuzhou City from 2016-2017, and the potential health risk is low.