手术室护士HIV/AIDS防护知识知晓状况及影响因素

Awareness of HIV/AIDS protection knowledge and its influencing factors among operation room nurses

目的了解手术室护士HIV/AIDS防护知识知晓状况并探讨其影响因素。方法采用问卷调查法收集2017年4—8月泉州市5家综合医院218名手术室护士的一般情况以及艾滋病基本知识和防护知识的情况。结果手术室护士对艾滋病基本知识的掌握程度较好,各项知识点答对率在78.0%~99.1%之间,对艾滋病防护知识的掌握程度相对较差,各知识点的答对率在63.3%~83.9%之间;不同年龄、学历、职称、工作年限及个人月收入的手术室护士对艾滋病防护知识知晓率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析结果显示,以工作1~5年护士作为基准组,工作6~10年(OR=2.119,95%CI=1.687~2.635)、11~15年(OR=3.854,95%CI=2.854~4.463)、16~20年(OR=5.620,95%CI=4.121~6.567)以及20年以上(OR=8.997,95%CI=6.320~11.659)的手术室护士艾滋病防护知识知晓率分别是该组的2.199、3.854、5.620和8.997倍,接受过艾滋病知识培训(OR=3.254,95%CI=2.844~3.536)和经历过职业暴露(OR=1.592,95%CI=1.512~1.887)的护士艾滋病防护知识知晓率是未接受过培训和未经历过职业暴露护士的3.254和1.592倍。结论工作年限、是否接受过艾滋病相关培训和是否发生过职业暴露是影响手术室护士艾滋病防护知识知晓率的重要因素,应持续开展不同层次护理人员职业防护知识的培训工作。

[Objective] To understand the awareness of HIV/AIDS prevention knowledge among operation room nurses and explore its influencing factors. [Methods] A questionnaire survey was conducted among 218 operation room nurses from five general hospitals in Quanzhou from April to August in 2017, to collect the general information, AIDS basic knowledge and protection knowledge. [Results] Nurses in operation room had a better awareness of AIDS basic knowledge, and the correct rates of knowledge points were 78.0%-99.1%, while the awareness of AIDS protection knowledge was relatively poor, with the correct rates of 63.3%-83.9%. The differences in the awareness rate of AIDS protection knowledge were statistically significant among operating room nurses of different ages, academic degrees, professional title, working years and personal monthly income （P〈0.05）. Multivariate analysis showed that the awareness rate of AIDS protection knowledge in nurses with working age of 6-10 years （OR=2.119, 95%CI=1.687-2.635 ）, 11- 15 years （ OR=3.854, 95%CI=2.854-4.463 ）, 16-20 years （ OR=5.620,95%CI=4.121-6.567 ） and over 20 years （OR=8.997, 95%CI=6.320-11.659） was 2.199,3.854,5.620 and 8.997 times as big as that of the nurses with working age of 1-5 years respectively. The awareness rate of AIDS protection knowledge in nurse with AIDS knowledge training（OR=3.254, 95%CI=2.844-3.536） and AIDS exposure history （0R=1.592,95%CI=1.512-1.887） was 3.254 and 1.592 times as big as that of the nurses without training and exposure history respectively. [Conclusion] Working years, AIDS related training and occupational exposure of AIDS are the important factors affecting the awareness rate of AIDS protection knowledge among operating room nurses. It is necessary to continue to carry out the training of occupational protection knowledge of nurses at different levels.