太原地区变应性鼻炎患者吸入性变应原分布特点

Distribution characteristics of inhalational allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Taiyuan

目的明确太原地区近3年变应性鼻炎患者吸入性变应原的分布状况。方法回顾性分析2014年5月～2017年5月间就诊疑为变应性鼻炎的795例患者血清特异性IgE结果,分析主要吸入性变应原的阳性率及总体分布特征。结果 (1)全部患者变应原阳性率为77.4%,患者阳性变应原个数分布显示,单种变应原阳性患者位列首位(31.7%),其次是二种、三种变应原阳性患者(23.4%、12.7%);(2)单种阳性变应原分布显示,位于前3位的变应原分别为蒿/矮豚草(41.5%)、树木类(29.8%)、户尘螨(24.9%);(3)不同月份比较,9月份就诊人数最多,8月份阳性率最高。结论蒿/矮豚草、树木类、户尘螨为近3年来太原地区变应性鼻炎患者主要吸入性变应原。

OBJECTIVE To confirm the distribution characteristics of inhalational allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in the past 3 years in Taiyuan. METHODS The results of serum specific IgE in 795 patients with suspected allergic rhinitis between May 2014 to May 2017 were analyzed retrospectively, and the positive rate and overall distribution characteristics of the main inhalational allergens were analyzed. RESULTS 1. In all 795 patients, the positive rate of allergens was 77.4%. The distribution of positive allergens in patients showed that patients with a single allergen ranked first（31.7%）, followed by patients with two and three allergens（23.4% and 12.7%, respectively）. 2. The distribution of single positive allergen showed that the first three allergens were Artemisia/dwarf ragweed（41.5%）, wood trees（29.8%）, and dermatophagoi despteronyssinus（24.9%）. 3. The number of patients was thelargestin September, and the positive rate was the highest in August. CONCLUSION Artemisia/dwarf ragweed, wood trees and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus are the major inhalational allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Taiyuan in the past 3 years.