初中生逻辑推理的测验研究

Research on Test of Mathematical Reasoning of Junior High School Students

基于逻辑学对于推理的分类以及心理学关于推理能力的研究成果,对国内外的逻辑推理评价研究进行梳理,结合中学数学知识的特点,提出一个测量初中生逻辑推理能力的框架,据此编制测验题.测验兼顾推理的形式与内容两方面.通过探索性因素分析检验测验的结构效度并进行修订,修订后的维度包括简单推理、选言推理、命题演算、假言推理、合情推理,其中前4个同属演绎推理.测验具有较好的结构效度和信度.

After a comprehensive analysis of existing literatures about mathematical reasoning, basing on classification of logic inference and research findings of reasoning ability in psychology, and also giving consideration to mathematical knowledge of junior high school, we proposed a framework which can be used to evaluate mathematical reasoning ability of junior high students, and designed a test. This test took into account both form and content of mathematical reasoning. With the result of exploratory factor analysis, we examined construct validity of the test and revised the test. The final dimensions were ＂plausible reasoning＂ and ＂deductive reasoning＂ which includes ＂simple proposition and inference＂, ＂disjunctive inference＂, ＂propositional calculus＂, ＂hypothetical inference＂. The test was good in construct validity and reliability.