高熵合金的变形行为及强韧化

Deformation Behavior and Toughening of High-Entropy Alloys

高熵合金是近年来涌现出的一种新型金属材料。不同于传统合金设计以1种或2种元素为主添加其它合金元素为辅的方案,高熵合金由多种元素以等原子比或近等原子比的成分组成,具有独特的原子结构特征,因而呈现出诸多不同于传统合金的独特性能。自高熵合金被首次报道以来,目前已经研发出了一系列的高熵合金体系,在物理、化学、热力学性能方面显示出独有的优势,尤其在力学行为方面显示出高强、高硬、耐磨、耐蚀、抗高温软化等优异的性能,在国际学术界引起了广泛的关注和研究兴趣,已经成为新的研究热点。本文从高熵合金变形机理研究存在的挑战出发,主要综述了高熵合金的力学性能和变形行为特点,已经提出的强韧化方案及相关机理,并对未来高熵合金变形行为的研究进行了简单展望。

A new alloy design concept, high-entropy alloys （HEAs）, has attracted increasing atten- tions and becomes a new research highlight recently. Different from traditional alloy design strategy which usually blends with one or two elements as the principal constituent and other minor elements for the further optimization of properties, HEAs are multicomponent alloys containing several principle ele- ments （usually i〉5） in equiatomic or near equiatomic ratio. Due to their unique atomic structure, HEAs possess a lot of distinguished properties. Since the discovery of HEAs, a variety of HEA systems have been developed and shown unique physical, chemical and thermodynamic properties, especially the promising mechanical properties such as high strength and hardness, abrasJon resistance, corrosion re- sistance and softening resistance. Here in this short review manuscript, starting from the research chal-lenges for understanding the deformation mechanism of HEAs, this work briefly summarized the mechani- cal properties and deformation behavior of HEAs, reviewed the proposed strengthening-toughening strat- egies and their corresponding deformation mechanism in HEAs. A brief perspective on the research direc- tions of mechanical behavior of HEAs was also proposed.