铸造高温合金研发中的应用基础研究

Basic Research in Development and Application of Cast Superalloy

铸造高温合金应用于制造航空、航天、能源等领域高端装备的核心热部件,其研发涉及多种材料、多个学科,先进铸造高温合金材料的应用水平(技术成熟度)也是国家工业基础的重要体现。近年来在需求牵引下,我国铸造高温合金材料和精密铸件的研发取得了显著进展,但也在工程应用中不断暴露问题,技术成熟度偏低,与国际先进水平仍有较大差距。本文结合近年来本课题组承担的材料及铸件研制任务,从先进定向和单晶高温合金材料研制、复杂铸件研制、叶片的服役行为等方面,介绍了相关应用基础研究在高温合金研制任务中发挥的重要作用。

Cast superalloy is widely used in aerospace and energy industry. The research and de- velopment of these alloys is correlated with a large variety of materials and disciplines. The technology readiness level （TRL） of advanced cast superalloys is generally a mirror of the industry base of a coun- try. China has made great progress in the field under the strong pull of demand in recent years. Howev- er, many issues are emerging in the industrial applications, reflecting a low TRL of advanced materials and a large gap between China and the developed countries. We present （1） development of directional- ly solidified and single crystal superalloys, （2） processing techniques of complex castings and （3） service behavior of blades as examples in this paper to explain the important role of basic research in research and development of cast superalloys.