金属催化剂控制生长单壁碳纳米管研究进展

A Review on the Controlled Growth of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes from Metal Catalysts

单壁碳纳米管具有独特的一维管状结构和优异的电学、热学和力学性质。但其在微纳电子、传感器件等领域的应用,仍受限于高品质单壁碳纳米管的可控制备。大规模、高纯度、有序排列、特定手性和导电属性的单壁碳纳米管可控生长仍然是该研究领域的巨大挑战。取得突破的关键在于对单壁碳纳米管生长机理的深刻理解,核心在于对单壁碳纳米管在催化剂上形核与生长过程的有效调控。本文从金属催化剂的电子结构与催化活性、熔点与结构稳定性、碳溶解度和扩散率等角度阐述其对单壁碳纳米管产率、纯度、有序度和精细结构的影响,总结金属催化剂控制生长单壁碳纳米管的研究进展、现状和挑战,展望可控生长的研究策略、设计准则与发展趋势。

Single-wall carbon nanotubes （SWCNTs） with a unique tubular structure have exhibited ex- cellent electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. However, their attractive applications in microelec- tronic devices and sensors are still pending due to the lack of high-quality, structure-defined SWCNTs. It is still a great challenge to grow pure and ordered SWCNTs with designated structures and properties. The key of breakthrough is to understand the fundamental nucleation and growth mechanism of SW- CNTs under reaction conditions. In this article, we analyze the influences of physical and chemical proper- ties, such as electronic structure, melting point, carbon solubility, and diffusivity, of catalyst nanoparticles on the productivity, purity, and fine structures of grown SWCNTs. The progress, current situation, and challenges on the controlled growth of SWCNTs are summarized. Finally, perspectives on future direc-tions are presented and a strategy of structure-controlled production of SWCNTs is proposed.