垄作覆膜滴灌条件下温室盐碱土壤水盐运移规律研究

Water-salt Transporting Law of Alkali-saline Soil of Greenhouse under Ridging,Plastic Mulching and Drip Irrigation

针对宁夏银北灌区水资源短缺和土壤盐渍化两大资源环境问题,将滴灌方式和垄作覆膜种植相结合,种植设施番茄等经济作物,以实现节水和盐碱地利用的目标,通过开展田间试验,研究盐碱土壤水盐运移规律。研究结果表明:在地下水浅埋区,垄膜滴灌技术可有效调控地下水埋深,耕作层土壤盐分含量保持在相对较低的水平;土壤含水量0~40 cm土层变化较大,1 m深度土层平均含水量规律为垄上大于垄沟、高垄上大于低垄上、高垄沟小于低垄沟;土壤全盐量的变化随土层深度增加而降低,0~20 cm土层变化幅度较大,1 m深度土层平均全盐量规律为垄沟大于垄上、高垄上小于低垄上、高垄沟大于低垄沟。

In view of the two resource and environmental problems of water shortage and alkali-saline soil in north Yinchuan irrigation area of Ningxia, the drip irrigation, ridging and plastic mulching are combined, and economic crops such as tomatoes are planted, to achieve the goal of water saving and alkali-saline soil utilization. Field experiments are conducted to study the water and salt transport law in alkali-saline soil. The results show that in the shallow groundwater area, the groundwater depth can be controlled effectively and the soil salt content in the tillage layer can be kept at a relatively low level through ridging, plastic mulching and drip irrigation; the soil water content in 0 ~ 40 cm soil layer changes greatly, and the law of average water content in the lm depth soil layer is that the ridge is larger than the furrow, high ridges is larger than low ridges, and high ridge furrows is less than low ridges ; the change of soil total salt decreases with the increase of soil depth, and the soil total salt content in 0-20 cm soil layer changes greatly, and the law of average total salt content in the 1 m depth soil layer is that the furrow is larger than the ridge, the high ridges is less than the low ridges, and the high ridge furrows is larger than the low ridges.