铁路货场经营能力及综合开发策略研究

A Study on the Operation and Development Strategies of Railway Goods Yards

我国铁路具有规模庞大的运输网络和货运场站,应当在我国物流体系中发挥出骨干作用。在分析铁路货场发展现状的基础上,针对铁路货场发展滞后于市场需求发展,铁路货场资源效能没有得到有效发挥的问题,根据市场需求发展趋势,将铁路货场分为转运中心、配送中心、物流中心和口岸货场,建立铁路货场经营能力影响因素鱼骨图分析模型,分类探讨铁路货场经营能力不足的原因。借鉴社会物流场站经营经验,提出铁路货场经营开发策略,即在体制机制创新下,建立铁路物流专业化服务体系,完善铁路货场配套硬件、软件,实现铁路货场效益最大化,不断探讨货场、转运中心、配送中心、物流中心的综合开发策略,为促进社会物流降本增效提供强有力支撑。

China＇s railway network with its enormous transport system and goods yards should be the backbone of the logistic system. However, according to this paper＇s analysis, the resources of the yards have not been utilized with high efficiency against the backdrop that the overall development of the yards has been lagging behind the demand. To further investigate the reasons resulting in insufficient operation capacities of the yards which are classified into transshipment centers, distribution centers, logistics centers and port yards, this paper establishes a fishbone diagram analysis model of the influencing factors based on the market demand trends. This paper also finalizes with the following operation and development strategies for the yards by learning from external logistics parks： 1.establishing a professional railway logistics service system in the context of institutional innovation; 2. improving the supporting hardware and software at the yards to maximize their benefits; 3. drafting and upgrading the comprehensive development strategies of goods yards, transshipment centers, distribution centers and logistics centers, which are expected to facilitate reducing public logistic costs with higher efficiency.