医学院校大学生思维风格的差异性研究：以北京中医药大学为例

Differences in thinking styles among medical students： A case study of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

目的以北京中医药大学为例研究医学院校大学生思维风格特点及差异性。方法运用斯滕伯格思维风格量表（中文版），采用随机整群抽样的方式对120名在校三年级和四年级学生进行调研，运用SPSS20．0软件对数据进行t检验、方差分析和等级资料秩和检验。结果医学院校中医、中药、管理专业平等竞争型思维风格得分分别为（4．09±0．67）（3．64±0．50）（3．72±0．56），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；男生、女生立法型思维风格得分分别为（5．14±0．63）（4．90±0．62），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；审判型思维风格得分分别为（4．46±0．56）（4．23±0．62），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；专制型思维风格得分分别为（4．22±0．52）（3．79±0．57），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．001）；全局型思维风格得分分别为（4．36±0．48）（4．00±0．63），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；内倾型思维风格得分分别为（4．48±0．74）（4．18±0．76），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；激进型思维风格得分分别为（4．79±0．71）（4．49±0．68），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；有父母卫生背景、无父母卫生背景的大学生审判型思维风格得分分别为（3．97±0．64）（4．35±0．59），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；无政府型思维风格得分分别为（4．39±0．32）（4．06±0．50），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论医学院校大学生在立法型、审判型、专制型、平等竞争型、无政府型、全局型、内倾型和激进型思维风格上有差异，其思维风格与性别、主修专业、父母背景等存在相关性。

Objective To study the differences and the features of thinking styles among undergrad-uates in Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Methods The thinking styles of a total of 120 under-graduates of grade 3 and 4 were investigated with Sternberg Thinking Style Scale （Chinese version） by ran- dom cluster sampling. All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS software （version 20.0） by means of t-test, analysis of variance and rank sum test. Results The score of oligarchic style in traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine and management students was （4.09 ± 0.67）, （3.64 ± 0.50） and （3.72 ± 0.56） respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01）. The score of legislative style was ,（5.14 ± 0.63） in boys and （4.90 ± 0.62） in girls, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The score of judicial style was （4.46 ± 0.56） and （4.23 ± 0.62） respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The score of monarchic style was （4.22 ± 0.52） and （3.79 ± 0.57） respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.001）. The score of global style was （4.36 ± 0.48） and （4.00 ± 0.63） respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01）. The score of internal style was （4.48 ± 0.74） and （4.18 ± 0.76） respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The score of liberal style was （4.79 ± 0.71） and （4.49 ± 0.68） respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. The score of judicial style in undergraduates with and without parents engaged in health industry was （3.97 ±0.64） and （4.35 ± 0.59） respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈 0.05）. The score of anarchic style was （4.39 ± 0.32） and （4.06±0.50） respectively, and the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Correlated with undergraduate majors, gender and parents＇ background, Medical students differ in .legislative style, judicial style, monarchic style, oligarchic style, anarchic style, global style, internal style and liberal style, which correlates with gender, major and parents＇ background.