摄食不同饲料对大口黑鲈消化道指数和淀粉酶活性的影响

Effects of different feed on digestive tract index and amylase activity of Micropterus salmoides

为研究不同饲料对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)消化道指数和淀粉酶活性的影响,对摄食配合饲料(饲料组)和冰鲜鱼(冰鲜组)的大口黑鲈消化道指数和淀粉酶活性差异进行了比较分析。结果显示:饲料组比肠质量、比肝胰脏质量、比内脏质量显著高于冰鲜组(P <0. 05)。在各个消化器官中两组淀粉酶活性大小顺序均为:肝胰脏>幽门盲囊>肠>胃,而肝胰脏中淀粉酶活性均显著高于其它消化器官(P <0. 05)。在胃、肝胰脏、幽门盲囊和肠4个部位中,冰鲜组与饲料组淀粉酶的最适p H分别为7. 2和6. 8,6. 4和6. 8,6. 4和6. 8,6. 8和6. 8;最适温度分别为30℃和30℃,35℃和30℃,50℃和55℃,60℃和60℃;最适底物浓度分别为8%和8%,0. 5%和2%,8%和8%,8%和8%。在相同温度和底物浓度下,摄食人工配合饲料的大口黑鲈消化器官淀粉酶活性显著高于摄食冰鲜杂鱼(P <0. 05)。研究结果为在人工饲料配制过程中添加相应的酶制剂、优化人工饲料配方提供参考。

To study the effect of different diets on digestive tract index and amylase activity of largemouth bass, digestive tract index and amylase activity of largemouth bass fed the formulated feed（ feed group）and the ice fish （chilled group） were analyzed comparatively. The results indicated that the intestinal weight/body weight, hepatopancreas weight/body weight, splanchnic weight/body weight of feed group were significantly higher than those of the chilled group （ P 〈 0.05）. The amylase activities in different organs were sequenced as follows：hepatopancreas 〉 pyloric caeca 〉 intestine 〉 stomach in two groups. The amylase activities in hepatopancreas were significantly higher than those in other organs （ P 〈 0.05 ）. For the amylase activities of chilled group and feed group, the optimum pH were 7.2 and 6.8,6.4 and 6.8,6.4 and 6.8,6.8 and 6.8 in stomach, hepatopancreas, pyloric caeca and intestine, respectively. The optimum temperature were 30 ℃ and 30 ℃ ,35 ℃ and 30℃ ,50℃ and 55 ℃,60 ℃ and 60 ℃, respectively. The concentration of starch were 8% and 8% ,0.5% and 2% ,8% and 8% ,8% and 8%, respectively. The amylase activity of digestive organs in the feed group was significantly higher than that of the chilled group at same temperature and concentration of starch （P 〈 0.05 ）. The results would provide some reference for adding enzyme preparations and optimizing artificial feed formulation in the process of artificial feed preparation.