水肥一体化施肥机关键部件的设计与试验

The Design and Test of Key Parts of Water Fertilizer Integrated Fertilizer Applicator

水肥一体化技术是将灌溉与施肥融为一体的现代农业新技术,在农业生产中提高水肥利用率、减少环境污染等方面具有重要意义。本文对水肥一体化技术中的关键装置展开研究,运用Solid Works三维设计软件建立基于射流泵并联的三通道旁路吸肥式施肥机混肥系统结构,并运用Flo EFD对其进行流场仿真分析及系统性能试验验证,建立有效的混肥系统参考模型。试验结果表明,在2.2 k W抽吸泵作用下,该系统能够实现对水及单元素液肥的稳定均匀吸取功能,且三通道吸肥量实际值与仿真值的最大误差为2.06%,验证了混肥系统结构设计的可行性,为自动施肥机的设计与优化提供了参考。

Water and fertilizer integration technology is a new technology in modern agriculture that integrates irrigation and fertilization. It is of great significance to improving the utilization of water and fertilizer and reducing the environmental pollution in agricultural production. This paper studies the key devices in water and fertilizer integration technology,and uses the Solid Works three-dimensional design software to establish a three-pass bypass fertilizer-applicator fertilizer-mixed fertilizer system structure based on parallel jet pumps,and uses Flo EFD to perform flow field simulation analysis and system. The performance test shows that an effective reference model for a mixed fertilizer system is established. The test results show that under the action of 2.2 k W suction pump,the system can achieve stable and uniform suction of water and single element liquid fertilizer,and the maximum error of the actual value of the three-channel absorption fertilizer and the simulation value is 2.06%. The feasibility of the structural design of the fertilizer system provides a reference for the design and optimization of the automatic fertilizer spreader.