浅谈《刺法灸法学》操作技能教学中针刺基本能力的培养

Teaching method of the basic ability of acupuncture in training the manipulation skills in Techniques of Acupuncture and Moxibustion

查阅古籍及近代文献,并结合刺法灸法学的学科特点浅谈刺法灸法学中操作的技能训练,提出刺法灸法学课程的教学首先应当是培养一种最基本的能力——针刺基本能力。针刺基本能力应包括治神养气的能力、触觉感知的能力,而后才应当是具体刺法的操作训练。治神养气的能力是指医生通过集中意念对患者进行精神调摄及施以一定的针刺手法,促使针下得气,气至病所。触觉感知的能力是通过双手的触觉能够感知针刺前后各种不同组织触发的不同手感,患者不同的主诉所伴随的不同针感,以及针刺后机体对针刺产生的不同反应。只有在针刺基本能力训练的基础上,有选择地使用针法具体操作,才能获得更好的学习体验。

Through checking the ancient books and the articles at the modern times and combining the disciplinary characteristics of techniques of acupuncture and moxibustion, the training of manipulation skills was discussed. It is proposed that during the teaching of the techniques of acupuncture and moxibustion, the most basic ability of needling technique should be trained in the first place. This ability includes the ability of spiritual cultivation, the ability of tactile perception and the specific training for the needling techniques. The ability of spiritual cultivation refers to the consciousness concentration to the patient when providing acupuncture, which may promotes deqi and conducts qi to the affected area. The ability of tactile perception refers to the different feelings of different tissues under the hands before and after acupuncture, the perception to the different needling sensations corresponding to the chief complains of patients as well as the different body responses after acupuncture. In order to ensure the better learning results, the specific manipulations of needling techniques should be provided accordingly on the base of these basic training skills of acupuncture.