中国改革开放40年来的国家治理之道

The Rule of China′s Governance in the Past 40 Years of Reform and Opening Up

改革开放40年来的国家治理之道,可以概括为"坚持方向,包容混合"。所谓坚持方向,就是在世界上自由民主、自由市场的浪潮中坚持社会主义方向。"包容混合",是因为20世纪的世界历史告诉我们,满足一部人需求的理论,哪怕听起来再动听,最终都会崩盘;何况中国人的价值诉求具有治理导向,而治理的体制必然是混合型的。因此,在政治体系、经济体系、文化价值体系上,中国之治都是在坚持方向前提下的包容混合。没有固本,就失去了方向;没有纳新,就谈不上变革。所以二者都是改革开放进程中不可或缺的力量。

Less than 40 years after the reform and opening up, China has overcome one major challenge after another. It has finally developed from an underdeveloped country to the world′s second large economy and stepped to the center of the world stage. Chinese model, which is produced in the process of China′s development, is seen as an alternative governance model for the theory of "the end of history". The way of state governance in the past40 years of reform and opening up can be summarized as "adhering to the direction and inclusive mixing". The socalled adherence to the direction is to adhere to the existing socialist direction in the wave of liberal democracy and free market in world politics. The reason why we want to "inclusively mix" is that the world history of the20 th century tells us that the theory of satisfying the needs of a part of people, even if it sounds good, will eventually collapse, not to mention the Chinese people′s value appeal has a governance orientation. The governance system must be a hybrid type. Therefore, the rule of China is a mixture of tolerance under the premise of adhering to the right direction no matter what area it involves including political area, economic area and cultural area. If there is no solid foundation, it will lose its direction; if there is no tolerance and absorbing, it will not be able to talk about change. Hence, both of the inclusive mixing and the adherence to the direction are indispensable forces in the process of reform and opening up. Compared with this view, the label of conservatives and reformists with value judgement is a symbol of the lack of social science knowledge.