健康老龄化还是病痛老龄化——健康中国战略视角下老年人口的慢性病问题

Healthy Aging or Suffering Aging?——Prevalence of Chronic Disease in Elderly Population in the View of Healthy China Strategy

健康中国战略面临着诸多挑战,其中健康转变以及人口老龄化是最重要的挑战之一。我国正处于健康转变的第三阶段,即退化和人为疾病期,慢性病成为这一时期威胁人们健康的主要危险因素。人口老龄化的趋势进一步加速了慢性病的蔓延。当前我国老年人口超过半数患有慢性病,面临新旧健康危险因素并存、健康底子薄弱、医疗卫生资源分配不均等问题。老年人口"活得长"了,但并没有实现"活得好"的目标,面临着病痛老龄化的境况。应对这一现状,需加快发展精准医疗;将健康关口前移到婴儿及胎儿期,健全全生命周期护理体系;推动医疗卫生体制和医疗资源公平化,发展老年产业和大健康产业;建立起个人、社会、政府的多元责任体系和健康管理模式,积极应对老龄化社会挑战,推动健康中国战略发展的进程。

Health transition and population aging are the main challenges to the Healthy China Strategy. China is now experiencing the third stage of health transition that is called the Age of Degenerative and Man-made Diseases.Chronic disease has become the main ailment threatening people′ s health and longevity. Research showed that approximately 60 percent of elderly people suffered from chronic disease. New health risk factors, cumulative disadvantage of health and inequality in medical resources are the main challenges. The elderly people have lived longer but not better. To cope with these problems, precision medicine, full life-course care system and fair medical care system should be established. Individual, society and government are all responsible for the elderly′s health.