NICU医护人员对新生儿疼痛评估及干预的比较研究

Comparative studies on cognition and management of newborns' pain in medical staff of neonatal intensive care unit

目的了解医护人员对新生儿疼痛的认知及干预的现状,比较医护人员在疼痛评估、知晓以及缓解疼痛实施等方面的差异性,为新生儿疼痛管理及培训提供参考。方法本研究采取整群抽样方法,选取新生儿重症监护病房40名医生和80名护士展开问卷调查。结果腹/胸腔穿刺、ROP检查、腰椎穿刺被认为是疼痛较重的项目;医生和护士对肌肉注射、经口鼻负压吸引、PICC置管、气管插管的疼痛程度评估分数差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);新生儿疼痛知识的知晓率,医生为59.5%,护士为57.1%,两者差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);缓解疼痛措施的实施率,医生为41.3%,护士为44.0%,两者差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论医护人员对诊疗操作的疼痛评估存在差别,疼痛相关知识的知晓及缓解疼痛的措施实施不足,仍需加强医护人员对新生儿疼痛相关知识的培训。

Objective To understand the cognition and current situation of neonatal pain among medical staff in neonatal intensive care unit（ NICU） and to compare the difference of pain assessment,awareness and implementation among medical staff in order to provide reference for clinical pain management and training. Methods In this study,a cluster sampling method was used to select 40 doctors and 80 nurses in NICU to carry out a questionnaire survey. Results Abdominocentesis/thoracentesis,ROP examination,lumbar puncture is considered a severe pain project,the pain assessment scores of intramuscular injection,nasal suction negative pressure,PICC catheter,endotracheal intubation were statistically significant（ P〈 0.05） between doctors and nurses. The awareness rate of pain knowledge was 59.5% for doctors and57.1% for nurses（ P 〉0.05）. The rate of pain relief conducted rate was 41.3% for physicians and 44.0% for nurses（ P 〉0.05）. Conclusions There is a difference in the assessment of pain among medical staffs. The awareness of pain-related knowledge and the measures to relieve pain are still inadequate. There is still a need to strengthen the training of health-care workers on neonatal pain-related knowledge.