新疆油田作业人员职业紧张状况与心理障碍发生的关系研究

Study on the relationship between occupational stress and psychological disorders in Xinjiang oilfield workers

目的探讨新疆油田作业人员职业紧张状况与心理障碍发生的关系。方法采用整群抽样,选取新疆油田公司下属企业564名在岗工人作为研究对象,通过问卷调查,采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对油田作业人员的职业紧张程度与心理健康状况进行评定。结果 (1)不同年龄、文化程度、工种、工龄、倒班油田工人心理障碍发生率差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。(2)正常人群与心理障碍人群OSI-R各项得分除任务模糊、业务紧张反应、个体应对资源、休闲、社会支持、理性处事项外,其余各项的比较差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。心理障碍人群在除业务紧张反应、个体应对资源、自我保健、理性处事项外,其他各项上的得分均高于正常人群。(3)不同职业紧张程度组间心理障碍发生率差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。(4)心理障碍影响因素的Logistic回归分析结果显示:年龄、工龄、任务不适、心理紧张反应是发生心理障碍的危险因素。结论心理障碍的发生受个体特征的影响;随着职业紧张程度的增加,心理障碍发生率增高,应采取有效措施降低油田作业人员的职业紧张程度,改善心理健康状况。

Objective To explore the relationship between occupational stress and mental disorders of operators in Xinjiang oilfield. Methods Using cluster sampling, 564 workers in the Xinjiang Oilfield Company′s subsidiaries were selected as research objects, Through the questionnaire survey, occupational stress Inventory Revised Edition （OSI-R） and Symptom Checklist-90 （SCL-90） were used to assess the occupational stress level and mental health status of oilfield operators. Results （1） There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of psychological disorders among workers with different ages, education levels, types of work, working age, and shifting oil fields （P 〈0.05）. （2） In addition to the tasks of fuzzy, business stress, individual coping resources, leisure, social support, and rational matters, the OSI-R scores of the normal and psychologically disabled populations were statistically significant （P 〈0.05）. Psychologically disabled people scored higher than normal in addition to business stress, individual coping resources, self-care, and rational matters. （3） There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of psychological disorders between different occupational stress groups （P 〈0.05）.（4） Logistic regression analysis of the influencing factors of psychological disorders showed that age, length of service, discomfort of the task, and psychological stress were risk factors for psychological disorders. Conclusion The occurrence of psychological disorders can be affected by individual characteristics; with the increasing degree of occupational stress, the incidence of psychological disorders increases, and effective measures should be taken to reduce the occupational stress of oilfield workers and thereby improving mental health.