中国全要素能源效率及区域差异研究——基于BCC和Malmquist模型

Total Factor Energy Efficiency and Regional Difference in China——Based on BCC and Malmquist Model

中国各区域间能源经济发展不平衡。本文选用劳动力、资本存量、能源作为投入指标,各省实际GDP和环境污染物作为期望产出和非期望产出,利用DEA-BBC模型和DEA-Malmquist指数对中国全要素能源效率进行测算,并对我国四大区域全要素能源效率进行对比分析。结果表明,考虑非期望产出的能源效率普遍低于不考虑非期望产出的能源效率,其测算结果更加准确;中国能源全要素生产率变化在整体上呈现递减趋势,相较于规模效率,技术效率对全要素生产率变化影响更加明显;能源效率在空间变动形式上呈现较大差异,由高到低依次为:东部沿海地区、东北地区、中部地区、西部地区。为提高中国整体能源效率,各区域必须根据其发展状况制定契合能源供给侧结构性改革的政策。

The development of energy economy between different regions of China is unbalanced. The paper selects the labor force, capital stock and energy as input indicators, the actual GDP and environmental pollutants as desirable and undesirable outputs to calculate the total factor energy efficiency of China by using DEA-BBC model and DEA-Malmquist index. Then the paper compares the total factor energy efficiency of China＇s four regional. The results show that the considered undesirable outputs energy efficiency is generally lower than not considered undesirable outputs energy efficiency and the measurement result is more accurate.China energy productivity change shows a decreasing trend on whole, and technical efficiency effect on total factor productivity changes more obvious compared to the scale efficiency. Energy efficiency in the space has a larger difference and the order is the Eastern coastal region, Northeast China, Central and Western regions. In order to improve China＇s overall energy efficiency, the regions must formulate policies to fit the structural reform of the energy supply side according to their development conditions.