海拔高度对动力电池性能的影响研究

Influence of altitude on performance of power battery for electric vehicle

通过搭建动力电池低气压测试平台,研究了不同海拔高度下动力电池的基本特性、充放电性能、热特性和安全性。研究发现在正常使用的海拔高度范围内,动力电池的电性能不受海拔高度的影响,动力电池也不会发生安全问题;但是由于海拔高度的升高,大气压强降低,动力电池的散热性能降低,动力电池在充放电过程中的温升会变大,温度差也变大,不利于动力电池的使用和寿命;动力电池热稳定性随着海拔高度的上升也逐步下降。因此对于在高原环境使用的车辆,应该在热管理和热安全方面做着重的设计和验证,以确保动力电池的安全。

The basic characteristics, charge and discharge performance, thermal characteristics and safety performance of power battery at different altitudes were studied by building low pressure test platform. It is found that the basic characteristics and electrical properties of the battery are not influenced by different altitudes. However, the thermal performance of the battery is reduced due to the increase of altitude and the decrease of atmospheric pressure. The temperature rise and temperature difference of the battery during charging and discharging process becomes larger, and it is more harmful to the performance and the life of the battery. The battery thermal stability decreases with the gradual increase of the altitude. Therefore, the special design and verification of the thermal management and thermal safety of battery are necessary when the vehicle is used in the plateau environment.