2016年顺义区中学生健康相关危险行为分析

Analysis of health related risk behaviors of middle school students of Shunyi,Beijing

目的了解并掌握北京市顺义区学生健康相关危险行为现况,为指导中学生养成健康的行为方式提供参考。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,抽取1 675名中学生匿名填写《北京市青少年健康相关行为调查问卷》。结果顺义区中学生中骑车违规、饮酒和斗殴三种行为发生频次较高,报告率依次为24.2%、24.2%和24.0%;除外自杀行为,各项健康危险行为报告发生率男生均高于女生。女生中报告发生率最高的为饮酒,占18.2%,自杀报告率为5.8%。初中学生失眠、自伤、抑郁等行为报告率均高于高中生,网络成瘾报告率低于高中生。报告没有危险行为发生的学生占35.9%,报告发生种类为4种及以上的占10.9%。结论顺义区中学生健康危险行为发生率较高,要充分考虑性别、年龄和心理特点,并结合危险行为聚集的现象,开展综合性干预。

Objective To understand and master the students＇ health status and related risk behaviors in Shunyi district, and to provide reference material for guiding students to develop healthy behaviors. Methods Using multi-stage cluster random sampling method, we surveyed 1 675 middle school students with self-administrated of ＂Beijing adolescent health related behavior questionnaire＂ Results The frequencies of bicycle violation, alcohol drinking and fighting were high among middle school students of Shunyi district, and the reported rates respectively are 24.2%,24.2% and 24.0%, respectively. Except for suicidical behaviors, the reported incidence rates of health risk behaviors among male students were higher than female students. The highest reported incidence rate among female students was alcohol drinking, accounting for 18.2%, and the report rate of suicide was 5.8%.The reported rates of insomnia, self-injury and depression of junior high school students were higher than that of high school students. However the report rate of internet addiction was lower than that of high school students. Students without risk behaviors accounted for 35.9%, and students with 4 or more than 4 types of risk behaviors accounted for 10.9%. Conclusion Middle school students in Shunyi district have a high incidence of health risk behaviors. It is necessary to fully consider gender, age and psychological characteristics, and to carry out comprehensive intervention in combination with the phenomenon of aggregation of dangerous behaviors.