炼钢电炉高温烟气流场特性及侧吸罩的优化研究

Flow field characteristics of high temperature flue gas and optimization of side suction hood in steelmaking electric furnace

针对电炉炼钢工艺过程产生大量高温含尘烟气的问题,研究了高温烟气流场特性、排风罩性能及其优化方法。结合炼钢现场的测试分析,采用数值模拟的方法,在分析原排风系统流场特性的基础上,分析了排风罩的开口率、排风系统风量配比和排风罩安装高度3个因素对排风罩性能的影响。同时进行了正交试验设计,确定3个因素的主次顺序以及最优组合。研究结果表明:随着侧吸罩罩口开口率的增大,排风罩的捕集效率呈现先增大后减小的趋势,罩口开口率存在一个最优值;增大排风系统中距离热源近的排风罩的风量配比,捕集效率先增大后减小,侧吸罩风量配比存在一个最优值;在某一个侧吸罩安装高度范围内,随着侧吸罩安装高度的增加,排风罩的捕集效率增加。3个影响因素主次顺序为风量配比、安装高度、开口率,当以最优组合进行模拟时,捕集效率可达到63.95%。

Aiming at the problem of a large amount of high temperature dust contained flue gas generated in the electric steelmaking process, studies the field characteristics of high temperature flue gas, the performance of the exhaust hood and the optimization method. Combined with the test analysis of the steelmaking site, with the numerical simulation method, based on the flow field characteristics of the original exhaust system, analyses the influence of three factors on the performance of exhaust hood, including the opening ratio, the air volume ratio and the installation height of the exhaust hood. At the same time, carries out an orthogonal experimental design, and obtains the order of the three factors and the optimal combination. The results show that with the increase of the opening ratio of the exhaust hood, the collection efficiency of the hood increases firstly and then decreases, and there is an optimal opening ratio. Changing the air volume ratio of the exhaust hood close to the heat source, the collection efficiency increases firstly and then decreases, and there is an optimal air volume ratio. Within an installation height scope of side suction hood, the collection efficiency of the hood increases as the installation height increases. The priority of the three factors is the air volume ratio, installation height and opening ratio. When simulating in the optimal combination, the collection efficiency can reach 63.95%.