试析“将听吾计”一句的含义及与“君命有所不受”的辩证关系

An Analysis of the Meaning of “the General Obeying My Planning” and the Its Dialectical Relationship between “Commands of the Sovereign Which Must Not Be Obeyed”

《孙子兵法·计篇》主要讲述国家层面的战略谋划。"将听吾计"一句中的"将"是指主将(即统帅),"吾"是指国君及以国君为首的国家最高决策层。"将听吾计"一句强调战略层面的问题,"君命有所不受"强调的是战术层面。关羽丢失荆州证明主将(即统帅)不遵从国家战略谋划带来的巨大危害。西汉平定"七国之乱"的成功与唐代潼关之战的教训,证明"将听吾计"一句与"君命有所不受"的辩证统一。

The chapter of Laying Plans of The Art of War mainly tells the strategic planning at the national level. In ＂the general obeying my planning＂ , ＂the general＂ refers to the chief general （commander）. ＂My＂ refers to the monarch and the highest national decision-making group headed by the monarch. ＂The general obeying my planning＂ lays stress on the issues at the strategic level. ＂Commands of the sovereign which must not be obeyed＂ lays stress on the issues at the tactical level. Guan Yu lost Jingzhou verified the large damage caused by the chief general＇ s refusal of obeying the national strategic planning. The success of suppressing the ＂Riot of Seven States＂ during the Western Han Dynasty and the lesson of the Tongguan Battle of the Tang Dynasty verify the dialectical unity between ＂the general obeying my planning＂ and ＂commands of the sovereign which must not be obeyed＂ .