非接触式发酵床对肉鸡肠道发育、生化指标、抗氧化和免疫功能的影响

Effects of non-contact fermentation bed on the intestine development,biochemical indexes,antioxidant and immune function of broilers

本试验旨在研究非接触式发酵床养殖模式对肉鸡肠道发育、血清生化指标、抗氧化和免疫功能的影响,比较分析了散养、网上平养和非接触式发酵床网床架养三种养殖模式。结果显示：与网上平养相比,非接触式发酵床试验组肉鸡十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛粗壮、排列较整齐,十二指肠处绒毛长度/隐窝深度值显著增大（P〈0. 05）,十二指肠和空肠处杯状细胞黏蛋白数量均明显增加（P〈0. 05）,各肠段黏膜厚度差异不显著（P〉0. 05）;非接触式发酵床肉鸡总蛋白含量有显著升高（P〈0. 05）,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量明显降低（P〈0. 05）,同时,散养模式下肉鸡总胆固醇含量显著减少（P〈0. 05）;非接触式发酵床肉鸡丙二醛含量有明显下降（P〈0. 05）,散养和非接触式发酵床肉鸡免疫球蛋白A含量均呈现显著升高（P〈0. 05）,但免疫球蛋白G和M没有明显变化（P〉0. 05）。整体来看,非接触式发酵床结合网床养鸡模式较单纯的散养或网上平养模式能更好地改善肉鸡肠道的营养吸收,调节生理各项指标,进一步提高了肉鸡的抗氧化和免疫水平,为肉鸡的生态高效健康养殖提供有效的理论依据。

This experiment was to evaluate the effects of the non-contact fermentation bed （NTFB） rearing mode on the intestine, serum biochemical indexes, antioxidant and immune function of broilers, compared with the free range （FR） and net rearing （NR） modes. The re- sults showed as follows： Compared with NR, 1 ） the duodenum, jejunum and ileum villus of broilers were thick and strong and in neat ar- rangement, with the villus length/crypt depth of duodenum significantly increased （P〈0.05） , and the number of goblet cell mucoprotein of duodenum and jejunum were also increased in the NTFB rearing mode （P〈0. 05）, but the mucosal thickness of intestine had no obvious change （P〉0. 05） ; 2） the total protein content in broilers of the NTFB rearing mode was significantly raised （P〈0, 05）, hut the low density lipoprotein cholesterol was obviously decreased （P〈0. 05 ） ; meanwhile, the total serum cholesterol content in broilers of the FR rearing mode was reduced significantly （P〈0.05） ; 3） the malondialdehyde level in broilers of the NTFB rearing mode was dramatically decreased （P〈 0. 05） , the content of immune globulin A in broilers was much higher in both the FR and NTFB rearing mode （P〈0. 05） , but there were no significant differences in both the immune globulin G and M （ P〉0.05 ）. To sum up, the NTFB mode of broiler rearing improved nutrient ab- sorption by the intestines, regulated the physiological parameters, and enhanced their antioxidant and immune functions because of the premi- um environment in which they grew, which provides theoretical basis for ecological, efficient and healthy breeding of broilers.