乡土想象困境下乡土情结的变化与表达——世纪之初乡土叙事转型的表征

Changing and Expressing of Rural Feeling in Rural Imagination Dilemma:Characterization of Rural Narration Transformation in the Early 21st Century

乡土现代性的努力遭遇颓败,致使新世纪之初乡土想象在现实乡土、城市乡土和历史乡土三个层面陷入困境,乡土情结的表达出现焦虑:由批判乡土转型颓败引起抒发现代乡愁乃至滑入怀旧的深渊,由忧虑乡土文化消失引起焦虑乡土情结无所依附,由借助历史苦难返乡引起弱化乡土情结表达的欲求。为此,不少乡土叙事者自觉或不自觉地进行探索与实践,乡土情结的表现视城和文化内涵发生了变化:一是表现视域发生变化,如展示地域文化风貌,关注乡土主体精神;二是乡土情结发生移植,如乡土情结衍变为土地情结,探索讴歌生命价值,构筑现代精神家园。

Due to the failure of rural modernity, rural imagination gets into the dilemma on realistic, urban and historical levels in the early 21st century. And the expressing of rural feeling shows anxiety in many aspects： failure of rural criticism transformation gives rise to modern nostalgia and further reminiscence; worries about the disappearance of rural culture make rural feeling have nothing to lean on; adoption of the returning of history and misery weakens the expressing of rural feeling. Therefore, many rural feeling narrators consciously or unconsciously begin to explore and practise, and expressing horizon and cultural connotation of their rural feeling undergo some changes. Firstly, they focus on describing regional culture and the spirit of rural subject; secondly, their rural feeling is transplanted, for instance, changing into land feeling, eulogizing life value and building modern spiritual homeland.