新医改前后患者对合理医疗检查的认知变化研究

Comparative Study on Cognitive Changes of Rational Medical Examination before and after New Healthcare Reform

目的:了解新医改前后,患者对医疗检查合理性的认知变化。方法:对2009年和2016年的问卷调查数据进行比较研究,采用构成比、卡方检验等统计学方法进行数据分析。结果:新医改后,患者认为合理医疗检查应更关注诊疗需要;新医改后,患者对合理检查意义的了解更加深入;与2009年相比,2016年患者认为影响医疗检查的因素应依次集中在诊疗需要、医疗安全和患者要求;患者认为不合理医疗检查的主要原因已由经济问题变为伦理问题。结论:患者更关注医疗检查对疾病治疗是否有必要;医方的伦理道德因素是目前患者认为不合理医疗检查的首要原因,需加强医方伦理道德建设。

Objective To understand the cognitive changes of the rationality of medical examination before and after the new healthcare reform. Methods Based on surveys conducted in 2009 and 2016, the survey data were compared and analyzed. Data were analyzed by statistical analysis of constituent ratio and chi square test. Results （ 1 ） After the new healthcare reform, the patients thought that the reasonable medical examination should pay more attention to the diagnosis and treatment needs. （2） After the new healthcare reform, the patients had deeper understand of the reasonable examination. （3） Compared with 2009, patients thought the factors affecting medical examination should be the diagnosis and treatment needs, medical safety and patient requirements. （4） Patients thought that the main reason＇for the irrational medical examination changed frem economic issues into ethical issues. Conclusion （1） Patients are more concerned about the need for the diagnosis and treatment. （2） The ethical and moral factors of the medical side is the primary reason that the patients think that it is unreasonable to medical examination, so it is necessary to strengthen the ethical construction of the medical side.