光伏发电系统级快速功率调控技术及其应用

Photovoltaic Power Generation System Level Rapid Power Control Technology and Its Application

随着新能源（renewable energy sources,RES）在一些电网占比较高超过20%,电网运行遇到一系列困难与挑战,迫切需要挖掘新能源发电,尤其是以绝缘栅双极晶体管（insulated gate bipolar transistor,IGBT）逆变器接入电网的光伏发电系统自身的调节潜力,使之具备快速功率调控响应能力,支持系统一次调频/调压等服务。在此背景下,该文提出一种针对新能源尤其是光伏发电的系统级快速功率调控方案,其目标是实现新能源尤其是光伏电站达到全网系统级百毫秒内的快速升/降功率响应速度。该文提出已有电网安全稳定控制系统的升级改造方案,针对光伏电站能够以调代切,并实现光伏电站发电功率的双向快速连续调节;设计站级专用的新能源快速功率控制装置;提出逆变器跨越式最大功率点跟踪（maximum power point tracking,MPPT）算法等技术并设计满足逆变器快速响应要求的一体化逆变器功率控制平台。该方案已在中国西藏电网得到应用,经现场实际测试结果：光伏站内功率控制响应时间在30ms以内,全系统功率控制响应时间在60ms以内,达到小于100ms的设计目标。试验和运行结果验证了该技术的有效性和先进性。

For some power grids with high proportion of renewable energy sources （RES） over 20%, a series of difficulties and challenges have been experienced in operation. It is essential and possible that these RES, especially photovoltaic power generation system （PV） being connected by main insulated gate bipolar transistor （IGBT）-based inverters, provide rapid power control response support and primary frequency/voltage regulation services. For this circumstance, a rapid power regulation scheme for RES was proposed in this paper with target grid-wide response time of less than 100ms.The paper put forward the upgrading scheme of the existing power stability control system （PSCS）, which then can issue rapid adjustable two-way power regulation command to PV continuously, instead of tripping it. And also, a new dedicated station level device-rapid power control device （RPCD） was proposed and designed in this paper, as well as the design of an integrated inverter power platform and a so-called leaping maximum power point tracking （MPPT） algorithm to meet the requirement of inverter response time. The proposed scheme has been put into operation in China Tibet power grid. As indicated by the commissioning test, the regulation response time inside the PV station is less than 30ms, and that of grid-wide is less than 60ms, which is much better than the design target-100ms. These verify the effectiveness and progressiveness of the technology.