二甲基十二烷基烯丙基氯化铵的合成、防膨性能及机理

Synthesis,Clay Anti-swelling Property and Mechanism of Dimethyl Dodecyl Allyl Ammonium Chloride

为保护油气储层,以二甲胺、氯代十二烷、烯丙基氯为原料,开发出一种表面活性剂型烯类阳离子粘土（Na-MMT）防膨剂：二甲基十二烷基烯丙基氯化铵（DDAAC）。采用正交试验确定了产物的最优合成方案,该方案为：反应温度35℃;反应时间12 h; pH 9; n（二甲胺）∶n（氯代十二烷）∶n（烯丙基氯）=1. 6∶1. 0∶1. 6。当DDAAC加量为0. 5 wt%时,防膨率达68. 31%。采用XRD、FT-IR等手段对DDAAC防膨机理进行研究,XRD表明DDAAC可插层进入Na-MMT晶层间,0. 5 wt%的DDAAC可将干态Na-MMT晶层间距由1. 28 nm撑大至1. 57 nm,FT-IR表明DDAAC可与Na-MMT发生强烈吸附作用。

In order to protect the oil gas reservoirs,a surfactant vinyl cationic clay（ Na-MMT） anti-swelling agent dimethyl dodecyl allyl ammonium chloride（ DDAAC） was prepared from dimethylamine,chlorododecane and allyl chloride as raw materials.The single-factor orthogonal test was used to determine the optimal synthesis scheme for DDAAC： reaction temperature 35 ℃; reaction time 12 h; pH 9; n（ dimethylamine） ∶ n（ chlorododecane） ∶ n（ allyl chloride） = 1. 6 ∶ 1. 0 ∶ 1. 6. The experimental results showed that the anti-expansion rate of 0. 5 wt% DDAAC can reach to 68. 31%.XRD and FT-IR were utilized to study its anti-expansion mechanism.XRD indicated that DDAAC could intercalate and enter the interlayer of Na-MMT,0. 5 wt% DDAAC could support the dry Na-MMT layer spacing from 1. 28 nm to 1. 57 nm,FT-IR showed that physicochemical adsorption between DDAAC and Na-MMT occurs.