社会资本、知识利用与共有协同创新绩效

Social capital,knowledge utilization and common collaborative innovation performance

已有研究将社会资本作为获取外部知识的渠道,隐含假设是社会资本具有知识流入效应。由于知识分享的相互性,社会资本实质上还具有知识流出效应。已有研究主要强调知识流入效应,是因为私有协同创新中的知识分享存在有意识的控制机制和组织边界,从而有效地抑制了知识流出。在共有协同创新网络中,创新团队间边界模糊且知识分享不受限制,导致知识流出效应显著增强。本文以共有协同创新网络为背景,探讨创新团队社会资本对新产品流行度的差异化影响以及如何控制该影响。通过收集开源平台Source Forge上1595个项目和8186个志愿者信息,结果发现创新团队度中心性对新产品流行度具有倒U型作用;桥中心性和接近中心性可提升新产品流行度。团队知识利用则有利于延缓社会资本的负面效应,强化其正面效应。

Previous researches generally regard social capital as an access to external knowledge. The implicit assumption is that social capital brings knowledge inflow to the actor. Due to mutuality of knowledge sharing, social capital also has knowledge out- flow effect in essence. The existing studies mainly emphasize knowledge inflow effect because knowledge sharing in the private collaborative innovation network is bounded by organization boundaries and various control mechanism which effectively inhibits knowledge outflow. In the context of common collaborative innovation network, access to knowledge is free and boundaries be- tween project teams is obscure, leading to prominent outflow of knowledge to the actor. This paper investigates the effect of team level social capital on new product popularity and how to make best use of it in the context of common collaborative innovation network. The data is collected from Sourceforge. net and a common collaborative innovation network is constructed by 1595 teams and 8186 contributors. The results show degree centrality has an inverted - U effect on the new product popularity and between- ness centrality and closeness centrality can improve new product popularity. The team＇ s knowledge utilization can postpone the negative effect of social capital （degree centrality） and strength its positive effect （betweenness centrality）.