我国苹果育种研究现状及展望

Current research situation and prospect of apple breeding in China

截至目前,我国已先后育出苹果品种300余个,然而在苹果生产上能作为主栽品种的屈指可数。据不完全统计,共有40余个科研机构曾从事过苹果育种工作,但长期从事苹果育种研究且有一定规模的机构仅20个。全国苹果育种协作组自2004年成立以来,对我国苹果育种工作起到了巨大推动作用,近10年,通过定期开展问卷调查、查阅相关文献等方式,从品种选育、研究单位、相关项目开展等方面跟踪了解我国苹果育种工作进展。本文概述了近年来我国苹果新品种选育及相关工作开展情况,并在此基础上,梳理了我国苹果育种工作中存在的若干问题,并提出相应建议,以供参考。

Up to now, more than 300 apple varieties have been bred in China. However, few apple varieties can be used as the main cnhivars in apple production. According to incomplete statistics, more than 40 research institutes have been engaged in apple breeding. While, there are only 20 organizations that have been engaged in apple breeding for a long time. Since the establishment of the National Apple Breeding Collaborative Group in 2004, it has played an important role in promoting apple breeding in China. In the past ten years, the progress of apple breeding in China has been tracked through regular questionnaires and literature review. This paper summarized the development of new apple varieties breeding and related work in China in recent years. On the basis of this, the problems in apple breeding in China were sorted out, and some corresponding suggestions were put forward for reference.