天津市医疗机构输血科(血库)建设和临床输血管理现状调查

Investigation and analysis of blood bank construction and clinical blood transfusion management status in blood transfusion medical institutions in Tianjin

目的通过对天津市医疗机构输血科（血库）建设和临床输血管理情况的调查分析,为医疗机构和卫生行政部门对输血科（血库）建设与临床输血管理决策提供依据。方法依据《医疗机构临床用血管理办法》、《天津市医疗机构输血科（血库）基本标准（试行）》,对89家医疗机构的输血科（血库）建设和临床输血管理情况进行了摸底调研及督导检查,对调查数据进行整理分析。结果各医疗机构输血科（血库）基本能较规范地开展临床输血工作,但存在不均衡现象。在输血科（血库）建设方面：1）输血科工作人员学历、职称、专业结构不够合理,人才队伍建设亟待加强; 2）部分输血科（血库）设备匮乏、陈旧、数量不足; 3）独立建制的输血科数量较少; 4）大多数输血科目前除了常规工作外,并未根据临床需要和单位实际开展输血治疗工作和特殊实验室的检测。在临床输血管理方面,输血相关制度相对完善;临床用血管理委员会还应充分发挥其职能。结论输血科建设、人力资源配置、输血信息化管理、输血质量控制工作等方面有较大的提升空间等,因此,应采取一系列举措加强和完善临床合理用血水平,保障临床输血安全。

Objective To provide valuable reference data for the construction of blood transfusion department（ blood bank） and clinical blood transfusion management decision making through the investigation and analysis of the construction of blood transfusion department（ blood bank） and clinical blood transfusion management in Tianjin. Methods According to the ＂Administrative Blood Management Measures for Medical Institutions＂and＂Tianjin Medical Institutions Transfusion Department（ blood bank） Basic Standards（ Trial） ＂,the blood transfusion department（ blood bank） construction and clinical blood transfusion management of 89 medical institutions were investigated. Results In general,the blood transfusion department（ blood bank） of various medical institutions can perform clinical blood transfusion with proper standards. However,the performance showed certain signs of imbalance in the region. In the construction of blood transfusion department（ blood bank） ： 1） the academic qualifications,professional titles and professional structure of blood transfusion staff need further adjustments,and the construction of professional teams needs to be strengthened; 2） some blood transfusion departments（ blood bank） are in short of equipment,which is our-dated and insufficient; 3） independent blood transfusion departments are still in small numbers; 4） A part from the routine work,most of the blood transfusion departments do not carry out blood transfusion treatment work and special laboratory tests according to clinical needs. In terms of clinical blood transfusion management,the system is relatively well-structured; the clinical blood management committee further enhance its function.Conclusion There are significant room for improvement in blood transfusion department construction,human resource allocation,blood transfusion information management,blood transfusion quality control,etc. Therefore,a series of measures should be taken to strengthen and improve the clinical rational blood use level and ensure clinical blood transfusion safety.