辽宁省临床用血管理及输血科(血库)建设现状分析

Status report of the clinical blood management and blood bank construction in the transfusion department in Liaoning province

目的调查本省近几年的临床用血管理及输血科（血库）建设情况,为进一步促进本省输血行业发展提供指导意见。方法我们于2014年、2016年分别从专业水平、人才队伍建设、科室工作及临床用血现状等对本省用血医疗机构的输血科（血库）进行了调研,并依托各市临床用血质量控制中心完成了对全省三级及二级医院的临床用血管理的督查。结果调研及督查结果表明：本省临床用血医疗机构输血科（血库）的专业水平逐年提升;高学历从业人员的比例低,2016年,学历以本科和专科的医技类毕业生为主（占比83. 9%）,技术职称以初、中级为主（占比90. 98%）;约80%的科室工作仍以储血、配发血工作为主,开展治疗类及诊断类实验项目的科室仍为少数,约20%。临床各种制品的使用情况逐年呈现递增趋势。结论通过调研我们发现,随着卫生行政部门及医院对输血专业发展及管理的重视,科室建设及临床用血管理呈现1种好的态势,但也存在输血医学专业人才缺乏,岗前培训缺乏、血液管理规范性及血液保护技术有待加强等问题,这为进一步有针对性地解决科室乃至行业发展的制约问题提供了依据。

Objective To investigate and evaluate the current status of clinical transfusion management and blood bank construction in recent years for promoting the development of local blood transfusion industry. Methods We surveyed the blood transfusion departments in the medical institutions in Liaoning regarding the professional level, the talent team construction, department work and the status of clinical blood application in both 2014 and 2016. Meanwhile, we entrusted city clinical blood quality control center to supervise the management of clinical blood application in tertiary and second-class hos- pitals in the whole province. Results The survey results showed that the professional level of the blood transfusion depart- ments （blood banks） of medical institutions in our province gradually improved. In 2016, The percentage of highly educated personnel was low. The majority of practitioners were undergraduates and specialized subject（ accounted for 83.9% ）with intermediate title being the backbone of the departments（ accounted for 90. 98% ）. The primary work in most of the departments （about 80% ） was storing and providing blood, and A few departments （about 20% ） performed experimental projects of treatment and diagnosis. The Clinical use of various blood products showed a increasing trend. Conclusion A positive development status of department construction and clinical blood application management can be concluded. However, issues remain in some aspects such as the lack of blood transfusion medicine professionals and pre-job training, the demand of improving blood management standardization and blood protection technology. These issues provided a potential direction for the future development of regulations and standards.